The Conductor's Upper-Hand Technique

The Conductor's Upper-Hand Technique

The Conductor's Upper-Hand Technique
Donna Laurence Mills (The Instrumentalist May 1988) (dean of the music school at Chapman College in Orange, CA. He hold music degress from Northwestern University and Eastman School of Music)

Costume Code
A conductor must dress the part; some prefer a disarmingly sloppy look, whle others favor denoair continental flair. Though there are many shcools of thought as to the best costume, here are some wardrobe necessities: a black turtleneck or bulky sweater, deck shoes, a piece of striking jewelry (a medallion or ring will do nicely) and expensive blazer thrown casually over the shoulders (never put your arms in the sleeves), a towel, and an oversized briefcase.

Your Image
To establish the correct image of a conductor, it is essential that everyone believes that you are to be rich and famous. You are the Emperor, not Empoorer, so get a student to follow you around running errands. A foreighn accent is a real plus, but you'll need to back it up with some reason for having it. Two weeks in Europe will do, or a great-great-grandfather who was Russian.

Use foreign words (several languages preferably), which you have carefully rehearsed. Slip them in by accident or because, "There just isn't a word in English to express the meaning so well." To play it safe, develop a British accent ("Av a go at the shedule, lov") and forget all those strange foreign sounds. Using solfege syllables also indicates you were trained in the old world tradition. Very chic.

Incredible Ear
You absolutely should pretend toohave an incredible ear. Screw up your face occasionally whether you hear anything or not. Complain about intonation. Musicians are always paranoid about that, and you can easily convince them that they are out of tune. (Notice how they fidget with the instrument, blowing imaginary water out of the keys, retuning a string, or pulling and tugging at those little slides.) Stopping for another "A" confirms your aural superiority. One confident master conductor I know stops the orchestra and looks at someone in the rear of the second violin section. "Your D string is down," he says, and without question the poor soul nervously plucks and turns while everyone watches.

Names
Chairs are filled with clarinet, violin and trombone players. The only resemble people when they sound bad; when they sound good it's because of your masterful conducting. Addressing a player by name promotes a false sense of equality. Keep musicians anonymous; don't even try to remember their names. By putting the blame on deadlines, you can sometimes avoid listing those space-consuming names in programs, too. No name, no self-esteem, no problems. One name, yours, is the only one that matters. Playing for you is all the credit the musicians need.

Patience
How lucky these musicians are to be on the same stage with you,yet they seldom appreciate it; that's clear from the mistakes. As saintly as you are, there's a limit; and you certainly can't allow anyone to damage your reputation. It's a matter of honor to give them "what for" occasionally; I mean really let 'em have it. Turn red, sputter, glower, and break batons (keep a broken one in your brief case for such moments). Storming out of the room is even better; it is the coup de grace of podium power.

Carefully time, stage and rehearse your outbursts and exits. Losing your temper early in a rehearsal is simply bad form; you really need to rehearse something first. Save the dramatics for when things are going well but you feel the need for attention.

Always explode over some small detail, not a major problem. You may have noticed something relatively minor at an earlier time. Stash it away for the right moment, then POW, give it to them with both barrels. Some award-winning gambits include rage over people missing from a rehearsal, turning pages slowly, misunderstanding your pristine beat, or failing to keep up with your suddenly faster tempo.

Of course you need to cultivate technique in the art of delivering stinging insults. Sad to say, many conductors have no talent for this essential part of the profession. Animal comparison were good before the war (jackass, ostrich, and sloth come to mind), but today's maestro is better served by reference to I.Q. and emothinal deficiency: "Where am I, in a home for the aurally impaired?" "There must be a brain in there somewhere, you found your way here this evening." I always like, "If you can't count the rhythm, try to feel it at least" and "Who taught you bowing? Robin Hood?" Reference to body parts are also trendy.

During your tirades you must threaten to quit. Of course you have no intention of doing that, but it sends out the message that the musicians are thoroughly dependent on you, and you're bloody well tired of taking the blame for their stupidity.

One last thing. The very best time to lose your temper is when you're lost. Any pretense will do. Crash the baton down hard, stomp on the podium and nail 'em good.

False Starts
Announce the rehearsal number and give the downbeat immediately. Don't wait for anyone to find the place. You then have the opportunity to berate the players and start over. It's amazing how much humiliation can be accomplished through the false-start method.

Submission Tactics
The conductor's tools are the baton, the face, the upper torso, and the mouth. Oh, how young conductors underestimate the mouth. To use it to the fullest extent possible, prepare a long list of anecdotes, war stories, jokes and reminiscnences. Nothing whittle down a player's resistance as much as a boring story. Never hurry these magic moments. Wipe your glasses as you speak and always begin with, "You know," then give a long pause. To be sure your group pays attention, repeat the same story often.

Tell an old joke everyone knows, but make yourself the source. "Toscanini used to say to me" is always a good start. "I remember when I was a student in Vienna" works well, too; but the all-time winner is probably, "You know (then drop your voice to an intimate whisper and look down), I came from a very poor family." Even if you grew up in Beverly Hills, that start will assure your players' admiration for your outright humility and amazing personal achievements.

Favoritism
Look only at your principal players when talking to a section. Ignore the rest. When conducting, hover over the first chair people, your baton almost grazing their temples. Stare at them during performances; emote with them. Under no circumstances should you communicate with those in the rear.

When those principals begin to feel really important (you can tell if they nod in agreement at what you say or laugh at your jokes too much), throw them a curve. Skip over solo passages during rehearsals so that those hot shots will be uneasy and timid at the concert. This allows you to "pull them through" their solo passages, conducting every note they play, permitting no freedom from your interpretation. Players can't be trusted to make music without your help, but sometimes they forget that.

Auditioning
If control seems to be slipping, call auditions. Because you are the one who determines the audition material, you can easily throw a musician off balance. Your manner needs to be condescending, oozing with concern, and dripping with sincerity. You are the father figure, schoolmaster, archangel. The suplicant presents himself to you for your blessing or correction. As High Priest, you are guardian of musical morals, so play the role like a champion. Raise your eyebrows often while listening, but don't say much. A weak, patronizing smile at the end of the audition, with a bored, matter-of-fact "Thank you," thrown in as an afterthought, will put you in the driver's seat for some time to come.

Learn a few things about each insturment so you can impress the instrumentalist with your universal understanding of all things musical. Use words and phrases like "purfling," "American long scrape," "bore sizes," and "the node of a xylophone bar," to show your smarts. Show considerable interest in the player's instrument: "Oh yes, those post-war Czechoslovakian horns used more copper in the alloy because of the shortage of zinc, and this accounts for your thinner sound."

Auditions are a good time to compare the musician to a competitor, as in, "Bridget plays so well. I wish the rest of you would try to imitate her sound."

Being suddenly personal throws the innocent off guard: "How's your family, Ralph?" "You studied with my old friend, Conan the Librarian, I understand." This technique was perfected by Nazi interrogators. To really crush an up-and-coming player, criticize his tone. If it's pretty, say "It's lacking in character." " If it's forceful, say "It's raucous." " If it's fat, say "It's unfocused." You get the idea.

The all-time zinger that backs a player to the wall is to criticize him before he's played a note. "You don't seem to be playing as well this year, Bob. Are there problems at home?" Or "Since I moved you to third, you seem to have lost your old enthusiasm. Perhaps you don't want your contract renewed." This get the audition off to a proper start.

Lighting
For some reason, musicians like to fuss about needing more light. Pay no attention to those silly complaints. The only important thing about lighting at a concert is to make sure the conductor's every gesture and move are seen by the audience. Tell those cry-baby musicians to learn their parts at home so they won't need so much light. If they insist on more, put a spoltight in their eyes at the concert. Not being able to see the conductor or the music is one of the weakest excuses musicians give. Don't put up with it.

Time Management
To frustrate would-be mutineers, make last minute changes in rehearsal times. (This may also wreck a competitior's concert if he's asked some of your players to help him out.) Force trombonists and percussionists to sit through pieces they don't play in. Stop when you see the brass get ready to play after counting out 112 bars of rest. Every few rehearsals, see that you don't get to the tutti passage at all. You'll know you've beat them down when they slam their horns in the cases and leave quickly. (You can bet they'll be at a coffee shop somewhere praising your unswerving devotion to the score after that.)

Politics and Publicity
In the arena of politics and publicity, musicians are no match for you. You know all the important people; and your touched-up, 20-year-old picture is in the paper, on billboards, and in those brochures proclaiming your majesty. The people who sit before you have none of that. Sure, it irritates them to see you get all the credit. Of course they know how often they cover up your little mistakes, but that translates into power for you.

These points are all time-honored and foolproof. I hope, as you move into the twilight of your conducting career, you'll look back, as I have, with satisfying smugness for having maintained your superiority. Remember that the conductor's score is always one to nothing. Parts are just parts.

Thanks JR!